Artificial heart...

The artificial heart seeks to replace the human heart whose capacity is diminished to become insufficient due to congenital malformations or diseases such as arterial blockages, infections or strokes. The first attempts to build a machine to carry out its functions were made in the 1940s. External machine was not only the patient's blood pumping but also allow oxygenated during heart operations. In 1952, Harper University Hospital of Michigan, USA was used for the first successful heart-lung machine Dodrill-GMR and in 1957, Dr. Willem Johan Kolff implanted a self-designed artificial heart in a dog that survived for ninety minutes.